Other Related Issues
Hossein Rahmani
Abstract
Accepted in the background without argument or catching the attention of the addressee, presuppositions are linguistic structures discussed in semantics and applied pragmatics. Based on Yule’s popular divisions of suppositions - existential, factive, lexical, structural, non-factive and counterfactual, ...
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Accepted in the background without argument or catching the attention of the addressee, presuppositions are linguistic structures discussed in semantics and applied pragmatics. Based on Yule’s popular divisions of suppositions - existential, factive, lexical, structural, non-factive and counterfactual, this research aims to answer the following research questions: What are the most and least frequently used presuppositions? Which presuppositions are used by the powerful and powerless families and how is this justified? How are men and women different in their use of presuppositions How are presuppositions and plot line related? The finding showed that the structural and non-factive presuppositions are the most and least frequently used presuppositions, respectively. The powerful family members use more structural presuppositions in order to ask, find and complete their information. The powerless family members use more lexical presuppositions in order to help characterization of themselves and others and help the development of the plot. Although men’s use of presuppositions is higher than women’s, this difference in factive presuppositions is more obvious due to the men’s tendency to be more direct. Furthermore, the plot line and the use of presuppositions are inversely related.
Sociolinguistics
sara jokar; Bahman Zandi; Hossein Rahmani; Ali Reza Gholi Famian
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to explore high school girls' graffiti from the perspective of sociolinguistics. The article starts with a review of previous research and then, the relevant theoretical framework was presented. For the purpose of data collection, photography was used to document the graffiti. ...
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The purpose of this article is to explore high school girls' graffiti from the perspective of sociolinguistics. The article starts with a review of previous research and then, the relevant theoretical framework was presented. For the purpose of data collection, photography was used to document the graffiti. The sample consisted of 705 graffiti of two high schools in Tehran and Karaj. The data were first analyzed in terms of writing system and then in terms of contents. The research method was descriptive and documentary. The results of the study indicate that the Persian script has the most writings. Also, the special name, cheating, handwriting, memento, taboo, humor and joke and calling God were the most common contents of the graffiti. The results of one-sample t-test confirmed that most graffiti are contents for expressing emotions such as love and hate, and fewer are for expressing non-emotional issues.The statistical population included 705 graffiti of two high schools in Tehran and Karaj. The data were first analyzed in terms of writing system and then in terms of contents. The research method was descriptive and documentary. The results of the study indicate that the Persian script has the most writings. Also, the special name, cheating, handwriting, memento, taboo, humor and joke and reading God are the most common contents of the graffiti. The results of one-sample t-test confirmed that most graffiti are contents for expressing emotions such as love and hate, and fewer are for expressing non-emotional issues.
Sociolinguistics
Hossein Rahmani
Abstract
The research aims to investigate the most frequent types of disagreement strategies relative to face among PNU staffs. The data were collected from a telegram group entitled Kanoon Karkonan-e Noor in a three-month period from March, 20th, 2020 to June 20th, 2020. The data included 156 disagreement strategies ...
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The research aims to investigate the most frequent types of disagreement strategies relative to face among PNU staffs. The data were collected from a telegram group entitled Kanoon Karkonan-e Noor in a three-month period from March, 20th, 2020 to June 20th, 2020. The data included 156 disagreement strategies on different topics and were analyzed based on Muntigl and Turnbull’s (1998: 228-233) taxonomy. The findings indicated that counter claim is the most frequent type of disagreement strategy among the members of the Telegram group. Counter claim entails further dialogues and threatens the addressee’s face less than the other types. Moreover, other strategies PNU staffs employed from highest to lowest are as follows:1. employee payslip, 2. taking about faculty members, 3. staffs’ dismissals 4. teleworking and 5. other issues. There is scant research on this topic and in Persian language in the literature and this is more evident in Persian studies in computer-mediated communication. This study hopes to add to our knowledge on disagreement in Persian language.
Language & Media
Hosein Rahmani
Abstract
The present research aims to study how power and gender affect the choice of impolite strategies and how the addressees react to such face threatening acts in the play Ofool written by Akbar Radi in light of Derek Bousefield’s (2008) model of impoliteness. Although developed based on Culpeper’s ...
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The present research aims to study how power and gender affect the choice of impolite strategies and how the addressees react to such face threatening acts in the play Ofool written by Akbar Radi in light of Derek Bousefield’s (2008) model of impoliteness. Although developed based on Culpeper’s (1996, 2005) and Culpeper et al.’s (2003) model, Bousefield’s model was extended to study the addressee’ reaction to impoliteness. Impolite acts are intended to threaten the face wants of the addressees. According to Bousefiled’s model of impoliteness, the offended addressees can choose to keep silent or take an offensive or defensive action which can vary according to individual’s power and gender. The results indicated that the powerful and powerless characters used on-record and off-record impoliteness strategies, respectively. Moreover, the powerful characters and men took an offensive reaction to impoliteness while and the powerless characters and women took a defensive action to impolite acts. The analysis showed that there were no statistically significant differences in the use of impoliteness strategies between men and women.
